47.  The documents regarding the air bombings of the 12th of July are IDFA 137(38)/1951 file 178 as well as IDFA 922/1975 file 1182; the document regarding the 17th of July is IDFA 922/1975 file 1176; the document regarding the 19th of July is IDFA 922/1975 file 1032. 48.  IDFA  5942/1949  file  3.  The  units  that  participate  in  this  attack,  on  the  21st  of  July,  are  six companies  from  the  military  police  organized  as  three  companies  and  one  company  from  an auxiliary force organized as three companies (IDFA 7249/49, file 130). 49.  IDFA  922/75,  file  1044—The  final  operation—one  battalion  (Alexandroni  number  thirty-three) (roughly 900 soldiers) (only two companies from this battalion are mentioned in the description of the battle); one company from battalion twenty-one (Carmeli); one company from battalion fifteen (Golany). Supporting weapons—two sixty-five millimeter cannons; two one hundred and twenty- millimeter mortars (heavy mortars); six armored cars from the 7th and 3rd brigades; bombers and battle aircraft. 50.  IDFA 137(38)/1951 file 178: “. . ., bomb the south western part of the village Ijzim and the area that is  between  the  village  and  the  most  eastern  part  of  the  way  into  village.  Bomb  load  1200 kg. incendiary bombs. Time 0030–0130. Light target area with flares. First hit target with incendiaries and then systematically bomb targets hit by first bombs.” 51.  IDFA 137(38)/1951 file 178. 52.  IDFA 137(38)/1951 file 178 dated 26 July 48 —“bomb same dome at 10:00 and search from low altitude.[. . .]”. 53.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3. 54.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3. An intelligence report, compiled by the IDF and based on Arab sources, gave the following description of how things developed in the three villages:. . .. After a battle of a night and a day it was decided that all of the armed youngesters would leave the villages and break their way out towards A^¯ ra and ’Ar’ara. At dusk, ’Ein Ghaza¯l and Jaba’ were abandoned. The people gathered at Khirbet Kumba¯zeh and from there left in convoys, fifty to one hundred people in each convoy. Each convoy was secured (IDFA 922/1975 file 1044). 55.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3 dated 27 July. 56.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3. 57.  IDFA 922/1975 file 1044. According to this document eight hundred people reached ’A^¯ ra safely. 58.  One wonders what is meant when saying “the people returned.” Possibly, it means that some of the people who stayed near by (in the mountains or in the Druze villages) tried to go back to the village and rescue their produce and belongings. 59.  Israel State Archive, 60.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3. 61.  IDFA 2168/1950 file 26. As for ’Ein Ghaza¯l, twenty-two were reported killed, thirty-three were missing and 2,464 people were located; Jaba’ -eight killed, five missing and 1,494 located. 62.  IDFA(2)716/1949 file 1. 63.  They were ninety people mainly from Ijzim: thirty-nine children, forty-four old women and seven old men. See IDFA 244/1951 file 129. 64.  IDFA 7249/1949 file 82. 65.  IDFA 4663/1949 file 125. Also 4663/1949 file 125 —In this letter, the deputy officer of the Arab Property in Haifa writes to the head of the Alexandroni unit demanding the return of the property taken from the three villages. 66.  IDFA 5942/1949 file 3, dated 11 August 1948. In a letter Shari¯f writes to Shitrit, he wishes to be granted permission to rescue his property in Ma¯qu ¯ra “before it is presented to robbing and looting hands” (Israel State Archive, gimel 302/86). Already back in April 1948, a committee comprised of representatives from Jewish settlements was established in order to oversee the handling of Arab Property (IDFA 4663/1949 file 46). At the end of August they confiscate some looted property such as four horses found with four different people in Zikhron Ya’aqov (IDFA 4663/1949 file 125). 67.  Whereas the houses of Ijzim remained intact, most of the houses of Jaba’ and ’Ein Ghaza¯l, which were closer to the main road, were systematically destroyed shortly after they were seized. 68.  Shari¯f was a friend of Bekhor Shitrit for many years, from the time Shitrit had worked with the British Police Force. When the Israeli state was declared, Bekhor Shitrit became the Minister of the Minorities Office, and later, the Minister of Police. ANTHROPOLOGICAL HISTORIES OF A PALESTINIAN VILLAGE 29