Welcome To Kirad al-Ghannama - كراد الغنامة (כיראד אל-ע'נאמה)

District of Safad Ethnically cleansed days ago	العربية Google Earth
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Statistic & Fact

Value

Occupation Date

April 22, 1948

Distance From District

11 (km) North East of Safad

Elevation

150 (meters)

Before & After Nakba, Click Map For Details

Pre-Nakba Map showing before and after destruction

Map Location

See location #47 on the map

View from satellite

Military Operation

Operation Yiftach (commanded by the ethnic cleansing champion Yigal Allon)

Attacking Units

The Palmach's First Battalion

Acts of Terror

Kirad al-Ghannama was mostly ethnically cleansed and terrorized soon after the massacre committed at the nearby village of al-Husayniyya(Safad). See al-Husayniyya (Safad) for more details

Exodus Cause

Influence of fall of, or exoduce from, neighboring town

Village Temains

The village has been completely destroyed, and only the rubble of destroyed houses left behind.

Ethnically Cleansing

In mid-March, the inhabitants of Kiradal-Ghannama were partially terrorized into fleeing their homes after the massacre perpetrated in al-Husayniyya, and in 1956 the DMZ's 2,200 inhabitants were all terrorized into fleeing to Syria by the Israeli Army.

Pre-Nakba
Land Ownership

Ethnic Group	Land Ownership (Dunums)*
Arab	3,795
Jewish	175
Public	5
**Total	3,975

*Sourced from British Mandate's Village Statisitics
**Town Lands' Demarcation Maps

Land Usage
As of 1945

Land Usage	Arab (Dunum)*	Jewish (Dunum)*
Citrus Groves	77	0
Irrigated & Plantation	20	0
Planted W/ Cereal	3,451	175
Built up	64	0
Arable	3,548	175
Non-Arable	188	0

*Sourced from British Mandate's Village Statisitics

Population

Year	Population*
1931	265
1945	350
1948	406
Est. Refugees 1998	2,493

*Sourced from British Mandate's Village Statisitics

Number of Houses

Year	Number of Houses
1931	54
1948	82

Near By Towns

al-Husayniyya ↖	Tulayl ↑ (N)
Marus ←	Kirad al-Ghannama	→ Kirad al-Baqqara
	↓ al-Wayziyya	↘ Yarda

Nearby Wadies & Rivers

Wadi Mushayrifa ran between the two Kirad villages (al-Ghannama and al-Baqqara)

Water Supply

Wadi Waqqas contained plentiful supply of springs and wells the supplied the village with its water needs

Archeological Sites

The village contained the following khirbas: Khirbat Nijmat al-Subh, Tall al-Qadah, and Tall al-Safa

Exculsive Jewish Colonies
Who Usurped Village Lands

Ayyelet ha-Shahar and Gadot are nearby village lands

Village Before Nakba

Kirad al-Ghannama was the "twin" of the adjacent village, Kirad al-Baqqara. It was situated on a gently sloping, volcanic outcrop on the southern edge of the aI-Hula Plain, overlooking it to the north. Its houses were made of adobe bricks and had wooden roofs. Water was plentiful and came from a variety of sources-wells, springs, and the nearby Wadi Waqqas (to the west). The village population was predominantly Muslim. The villagers cultivated mainly grain. In 1944/45 a total of 77 dunums was devoted to citrus and bananas and 3,451 dunums were allocated to cereals; 20 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards. Near the village were two archaeological sites, Khirbat Nijmat al-Subh (204269) and Tall al-Safa (205269), that contained columns, the remains of walls, and cisterns. About 2 km to the southwest lay the large Bronze-Iron Age site of Tall al-Qadah (203269).

Village Occupation and Ethnic Cleaning

In mid-March 1948, a Haganah massacre in the neighboring village of al-Husayniyya 'left dozens of dead,' according to Israeli sources, and led to the temporary evacuation of Kirad al-Ghannama. The following month, it was temporarily (or partially) evacuated again during Operation yiftach (see Abil al-Qamh, Safad sub-disctrict). On 22 April the villagers reportedly left during that operation under the influence of a direct military assault on a nearby village, perhaps al-'Ulmaniyya (which was attacked on 20 April). [M:56, 123-24].

In July 1949, Israel signed an armistice agreement according to which Kirad al-Ghannama was to be located within a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and the inhabitants of the area were to be protected. However, the Israeli authorities were determined to drive out those villagers who had remained, and deployed a variety of means over the following seven years to do so (see Kirad al-Baqqara, Safad sub-district). By 1956, the DMZ's 2,200 inhabitants had been pushed out, and Kirad al-Ghannama was evacuated for the third time. [M:243]

Zionists Colonies on Village Lands

There are no Israeli settlements on village lands, although Gadot (205269), founded in 1949, is very close to the site and Ayyelet ha-Shahar (204269), founded in 1918, is close by to the west.

Village Today

Only the rubble of houses remains. Vegetation, such as shrubs, some trees, and grass, grows throughout the area. The surrounding land is used by Israelis both for crop cultivation and as pasture.

Source

Dr. Walid al-Khalidi, 1992: All That Remains.

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الذاكرة مفتاح العودة -- 113 -- كراد الغنامة

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